Kulliyat of Sa‘di

The poet Sa‘di (d. 1291 or 1292) is one of the most beloved writers of the classical Persian tradition. Two of his works are particularly renowned: Bustan (“The Fragrant Herb Garden”), a verse work of moralizing stories; and Gulistan (“The Rose Garden”), a series of tales in prose and verse delivering wise counsel in entertaining form. Written in clear, simple language, and often focusing on concern for those less fortunate, these works continue to be taught in schools in Iran. One poem from the Gulistan, addressing the unity of humankind, is inscribed on a carpet hanging in the United Nations headquarters. The Aga Khan Museum’s manuscript of Sa‘di’s Kulliyat (“Collected Works”) includes Bustan and Gulistan, as well as several other texts. Its twenty-three diverse illustrations are connected to early 17th-century court artists of northern India, making it likely that this manuscript was produced for a high-ranking Mughal patron.



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