Shah Tahmasp Shahnameh
Sindukht Comes to Sam Bearing Gifts
Folio detached from the Shah Tahmasp Shahnameh
Attributed to Qadimi of Gilan and ‘Abd al-Vahhab of Kashan
Iran, Tabriz, ca. 1525–1530
Opaque watercolour, ink, silver, and gold on paper
AKM496
The Shahnameh often foregrounds the exploits of male kings and heroes. However, in many stories, it is women who play courageous roles. In an early episode, Rudabeh, princess of Kabul, has fallen in love with Zal, prince of Sistan. However, their families distrust one another and their union threatens to destabilize the empire. When Rudabeh’s mother Sindukht learns that Zal’s father Sam is preparing an imminent attack on Kabul, she decides to intervene. Traveling in disguise to Sistan, Sindukht offers Sam luxurious diplomatic gifts to wager for peace, as shown in this illustration. After making him swear immunity for herself and her country, Sindukht reveals her identity. Sam is impressed by her ingenuity, bravery, and personal charm. The resolution that she secures allows Zal and Rudabeh to wed, and the fruit of their union, Rustam, grows up to become Iran’s greatest hero.